| 摘要: |
| 对超大型结构在轨关键参数的准确测量是保障在轨任务质量和结构功能性能稳定可靠的关键环节和
重要保证。本文针对超大型结构在轨大范围高精度测量问题，提出了在复杂空间环境、低频振动状态下在轨非
稳态三维视觉测量方法，通过空间目标双目测量技术实现大型结构局部位姿的同步测量，通过全局高精度位姿
测量技术实现对空间目标双目测量系统的位姿实时定位，进而基于高精度时间同步算法实现星体统一基准坐标
下大型结构的三维重构和位姿解算，有效解决了超大型在轨结构连续低频振动下测量基准统一和测量目标数据
难以有效获取的难题，开发了测量系统原理样机，通过系统误差仿真分析与地面试验，验证了该技术的可行性
和有效性，为未来空间超大型在轨结构的设计优化、组装及在轨状态精准评估提供了理论和技术支持，具有广
阔的应用前景和工程意义。 |
| 关键词: 在轨测量 超大型结构 低频振动 视觉测量 机器视觉 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目（U23B20105） |
|
| Non-steady-state 3D Vision Measurement Technology for On-orbit Ultra-large Structures |
|
Liu Yunyan11, Liu Lixia11, Wang Tiejun11, Wang Bin1*1, Guo Qing11, Cai Zheng22, Yang Fenglong11, Lian Xinyuan33, Xue Wenjuan11, Han Cui11
|
|
1. Beijing Satellite Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100194;2. Beijing Spacecraft System Design Department, Beijing
100191;3. School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000
|
| Abstract: |
| Accurate measurement of key parameters for ultra-large structures in orbit serves as a critical link and
essential guarantee for ensuring mission quality and maintaining stable, reliable structural performance. This paper
proposes an on-orbit non-steady-state 3D vision measurement methodology under complex space environments and low frequency vibration conditions, addressing the challenge of large-scale high-precision measurement for ultra-large
orbital structures. The approach achieves synchronous measurement of local poses in large structures through spatial
target binocular measurement technology, while realizing real-time positioning of the measurement system itself via
global high-precision pose measurement technology. By implementing a high-precision time synchronization algorithm,
three-dimensional reconstruction and pose resolution of large structures are accomplished within a unified reference
coordinate system of the spacecraft. This methodology effectively resolves two major challenges: maintaining
measurement reference consistency under continuous low-frequency vibrations and ensuring effective data acquisition from measurement targets. A prototype measurement system was developed and validated through systematic error
simulation analysis and ground experiments, confirming the technical feasibility and effectiveness. The research
provides theoretical foundations and technical support for future design optimization, orbital assembly, and precise
performance evaluation of space-based ultra-large structures, demonstrating significant application potential and
engineering value |
| Key words: on-orbit measurement ultra-large structures low-frequency vibration vision measurement machine vision |
